1.Aigner, D., Lovell, C.K. & Schmidt, P. 1977. Formulation and estimation of stochastic frontier production function models. Journal of Econometrics, 6(1): 21-37.

2.Ali, M. & Chaudhry, M.A. 1990. Interregional farm efficiency in Pakistan’s Punjab: a frontier Production function study. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 41(1): 62-74.

3.Amaza, P.S. & Olayemi, J.K. 2002. Analysis of technical inefficiency in food crop production in Gombe State, Nigeria. Applied Economics Letters, 9(1): 51-54.

4.Anuradha, N. 2010. Technical efficiency of rice farms under irrigated conditions of central Gujarat (Doctoral dissertation, AAU).

5.Battese, G.E. 1992. Frontier production functions and technical efficiency: a survey of empirical applications in agricultural economics. Agricultural Economics, 7(3-4): 185-208

6.Binam, J.N., Tonye, J., Nyambi, G. & Akoa, M. 2004. Factors affecting the technical efficiency among smallholder farmers in the slash and burn agriculture zone of Cameroon. Food Policy, 29(5): 531-545.

7.Birthal, P.S., Khan, M.T., Negi, D.S. & Agarwal, S. 2014. Impact of climate change on yields of major food crops in India: Implications for food security. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 27(2): 145-155.

8.Bravo-Ureta, B.E., Solís, D., López, V.H.M., Maripani, J.F., Thiam, A. & Rivas, T. 2007. Technical efficiency in farming: a meta-regression analysis. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 27(1): 57-72.

9.Coelli, T.J. 1995. Recent developments in frontier modelling and efficiency measurement. Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 39(3): 219-245.

10.Coelli, T.J. & Battese, G.E. 1996. Identification of factors which influence the technical inefficiency of Indian farmers. Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 40(2): 103-128.

11.Goldman, D. 2013. Technical efficiency of rice production in India: A study using stochastic frontier analysis to estimate technical efficiency and its determinants.

12.Larsen, M.N. 2002. Is oligopoly a condition of successful privatization? The case of cotton in Zimbabwe. Journal of Agrarian Change, 2(2): 185-205.

13.Hayami, Y. & RuttaHayami, Y. & Ruttan, V. 1985. Agricultural Development: A Global Perspective.n, V. 1985. Agricultural Development: A Global Perspective.

14.Heshmati, A. & Mulugeta, Y. 1996. Technical efficiency of the Ugandan matoke farms. Applied Economics Letters, 3(7): 491-494.

15.Kalirajan, K.P. 1991. The importance of efficient use in the adoption of technology: a micro panel data analysis. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 2(2): 113-126.

16.Kumbhakar, S.C., GKumbhakar, S.C., Ghosh, S. & McGuckin, J.T. 1991. A generalized production frontier approach for estimating determinants of inefficiency in US dairy farms. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 9(3): 279-286hosh, S. & McGuckin, J.T. 1991. A generalized production frontier approach for estimating determinants of inefficiency in US dairy farms. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 9(3): 279-286

17.Kuznets, S. 1966. Economic growth and structure. Heinemann Educational.

18.Llewelyn, R.V. & Williams, J.R. 1996. Nonparametric analysis of technical, pure technical, and scale efficiencies for food crop production in East Java, Indonesia. Agricultural Economics, 15(2): 113-126.

19.Mano, R. 2006. Zimbabwe smallholder agriculture performance and recurrent food security crisis: Causes and consequences. CASS, UZ

20.Mazvimavi, K., Ndlovu, P.V., An, H. & Murendo, C. 2012. Productivity and efficiency analysis of maize under conservation agriculture in Zimbabwe. In Selected Paper for Presentation at the International Conference for Agricultural Economists Triennial Conference.

21.Meeusen, W. & van Den Broeck, J. 1977. Efficiency estimation from Cobb-Douglas production functions with composed error. International Economic Review, pp. 435-444.

22.Mochebelele, M.T. & Winter-Nelson, A. 2000. Migrant labour and farm technical efficiency in Lesotho. World development, 28(1): 143-153

23.Msuya, E.E., Hisano, S. & Nariv, T. 2008. Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Maize Farmers in Tanzania: The Globalization Era. In XII World Congress of Rural Sociology of the International Rural Sociology Association, Goyang, Korea.

24.Mugandani, R., Wuta, M., Makarau, A. & Chipindu, B. 2012. Re-classification of agro-ecological regions of Zimbabwe in conformity with climate variability and change. African Crop Science Journal, 20(2): 361-369.

25.Owens, T., Hoddinott, J. & Kinsey, B. 2003. The impact of agricultural extension on farm production in resettlement areas of Zimbabwe. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 51(2): 337-357.

26.Parikh, A. & Shah, K. 1994. Measurement of technical efficiency in the North‐West Frontier Province of Pakistan. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 45(1): 132-138.

27.Seyoum, E.T., Battese, G.E. & Fleming, E.M. 1998. Technical efficiency and productivity of maize producers in eastern Ethiopia: a study of farmers within and outside the Sasakawa-Global 2000 project. Agricultural Economics, 19(3): 341-348.

28.Sherlund, S.M., Barrett, C.B. & Adesina, A.A. 2002. Smallholder technical efficiency controlling for environmental production conditions. Journal of Development Economics, 69(1): 85-101.

29.Wadud, A. & White,Wadud, A. & White, B. 2000. Farm household efficiency in Bangladesh: a comparison of stochastic frontier and DEA methods. Applied Economics, 32(13): 1665-1673. B. 2000. Farm household efficiency in Bangladesh: a comparison of stochastic frontier and DEA methods. Applied Economics, 32(13): 1665-1673.

30.Wang, J., Cramer, G.L. & Wailes, E.J. 1996. Production efficiency of Chinese agriculture: evidence from rural household survey data. Agricultural Economics, 15(1): 17-28

31.Weir, S. 1999. The effects of education on farmer productivity in rural Ethiopia. The Centre for the Study of African Economies Working Paper Series, 91.

32.Weir, S. & Knight, J. 2000. Education externalities in rural Ethiopia: Evidence from average and stochastic frontier production functions. University of Oxford, Institute of Economics and Statistics, Centre for the Study of African Economies.